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nickel ore reduction process
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Nonmolten state metalized reduction of saprolitic laterite …
Laterite ore is an important raw nickel ore resource, and methods for extracting valuable metals from low-nickel saprolitic laterite has not been fully developed. ... Compared with RKEF, OS eliminates the electric furnace reduction process, so the power consumption is significantly reduced. Thus, the production cost of OS is only 50% of the ...
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Preparing Ferro-Nickel Alloy from Low-Grade …
The optimal process parameters obtained were a reduction temperature of 1350 °C, reduction time of 2 h, carbon ratio of 1.2, and CaO addition of 10%. In this case, the ferro-nickel alloy with nickel grade …
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Materials Proceedings | Free Full-Text | The Nickel …
In New Caledonia, Koniambo is using a fluosolids partial reducer, (F/R), and the calcine is going to the E/F for smelting reduction producing FeNi with 35% nickel. The feed ore is 2.5% Ni with a cutoff grade of 2.0% Ni [5,6]. The plant started in 2013 and during the period 2016–2020 its production was 17–28 kt Ni/y.
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Extraction of nickel and cobalt from a laterite ore using the
The carbothermic reduction roasting followed by ammoniacal leaching of a Ni-laterite ore from Bajaur (Pakistan) has been studied first time for its potential exploitation via the Caron process.
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Effects of direct reduction process on the
The high basicity is negative to reduction of iron, but can promote the reduction of nickel. • The reduction temperature and pellet basicity are the main factors contributing to the Ni and Cr contents in ferronickel. • The coal-based direct reduction process is a feasible method to obtain the ferronickel from low-grade nickel laterite ore.
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Optimal conditions for selective reduction process of …
sulfide nickel ore in nickel production [3]. Nickel laterite ore accounts for up to 70% of total nickel resources in the world. Nevertheless, it was difficult for applying …
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Comprehensive Review on Metallurgical Upgradation Processes of Nickel
Hydrometallurgical process for nickel sulfide ore was developed in 1970s, ... Bioleaching uses the oxidation or reduction of microorganisms to soak nickel and cobalt out of ore (or deposit) and make them enter the solution [63, 64]. The valuable components can be separated from the original minerals in the form of soluble or precipitation ...
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Upgrading nickel content of limonite nickel ore through …
Limonite nickel ore has potency to utilize as raw material for ferronickel or nickel matte, since it has low grade nickel content, thus process development is n ... Mechanism of sodium sulfate in promoting selective reduction of nickel laterite ore during reduction roasting process," Int. J. Miner. Process.
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Effect of Additives on Phase Transformation of Nickel Laterite Ore …
The effects of additives with Na2S, Na2SO4 and CaSO4 on phase transformation of nickel laterite ore in low-temperature reduction roasting process using carbon monoxide were investigated.
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Optimal conditions for selective reduction process of Nickel Laterite Ore
A low-grade nickel laterite ore from Indonesia was selected to investigate the effect of temperature and time of reduction upon the extraction of nickel through the selective reduction-magnetic separation process to produce the ferronickel. The nickel ore was mixed with5 wt.% of anthracite coal and 10 wt.% of sodium sulfate additive.
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Reduction–Sulfurization Smelting Process of Waste …
Reduction–sulfurization smelting is an effective method for treating solid hazardous waste and recovering valuable components from them. In this work, a waste hydrogenation catalyst (WHC), an automotive exhaust purifier waste catalyst (AEPWC), a vulcanizer, and laterite nickel ore were mixed, and the reduction smelting behavior of …
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Selective Reduction of Laterite Nickel Ore
to 1300°C, the phase of saprolitic nickel ore changes into a complex mineral. The mineral is dominated by olivine (Mg 0.5Fe 0.5) 2SiO 4. 29) 2.3 Direct reduction of laterite nickel …
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The reduction of nickel from low-grade nickel laterite ore …
The reduction of nickel from low-grade nickel laterite ore using a solid-state deoxidisation method was studied. The effects of temperature, time, reductant type and …
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Comprehensive Review on Metallurgical Upgradation …
Hydrometallurgical process for nickel sulfide ore was developed in 1970s, ... Bioleaching uses the oxidation or reduction of microorganisms to soak nickel and …
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(PDF) Nickel Laterite Smelting Processes and Some
nickel ore having nickel less than 1.7% to recommenc e [20]. Together with the start of low-grade ferro- ... the V aniukov process, and the reduction roasting–magnetic. separation process are ...
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An Overview of Nickel Utilization from Laterite Ore
The process of reductive roasting followed by acid leaching is similar to that of reductive roasting-ammonia leaching process, in which nickel and cobalt in laterite ore are selectively reduced to the metallic state by reduction, and hematite is reduced to magnetite and wüstite [63, 64]. Nickel and cobalt in the metallic state are easily ...
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Effect of Elemental Sulfur on the Reduction Process of …
Numerous studies have demonstrated that Na2SO4 can significantly inhibit the reduction of iron oxide in the selective reduction process of laterite nickel ore. …
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An Overview of Nickel Utilization from Laterite Ore
The process of reductive roasting followed by acid leaching is similar to that of reductive roasting-ammonia leaching process, in which nickel and cobalt in laterite …
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Upgrade of nickel and iron from low-grade nickel laterite by …
Low-grade saprolite nickel laterite, characterized by complicated minerals composition and fine-grained and complex dissemination, was commonly treated with a low recovery efficiency of Ni and Fe by conventional methods. Hence, an improved direct reduction and magnetic separation process was proposed. Meanwhile, the …
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Efficient Synchronous Extraction of Nickel, Copper, and …
Low‒nickel matte as the main intermediate product of nickel sulfide ore in traditional pyrometallurgical smelting, during this process, the valuable metals Ni, Cu, and Co have been enriched 6,7 ...
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The role of sodium-based additives on reduction process of nickel …
The reduction of nickel ore was conducted at a reduction in temperature variations (950°C, 1050°C, 1150°C) with the presents of 10 wt.% additive sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and addition 0%, 2. ...
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Recent Progress in Hydrometallurgical Processing of …
leaching (HPAL), Caron process, and direct nickel process (DNi) are the most common processes to treat lateritic ore [4]. HL process can be processed at ambient …
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Effect of modified basicity in selective reduction process of limonitic
The effect of binary basicity with MgO/SiO 2 ratio (B B) on the selective reduction of limonitic nickel ore has been investigated clearly in this section. The binary basicity value of limonitic nickel ore was modified by MgO and SiO 2 addition from 0.1 to 1.0. The binary basicity (MgO/SiO 2) of nickel ore is 0.14.
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Metals Production and Metal Oxides Reduction Using …
The details of tungsten ore beneficiation and prior-reduction process have been thoroughly discussed by Habashi . WO 2.9, WO 2.72, ... Rashed AH, Rao YK (1996) Kinetics of reduction of nickel oxide with hydrogen gas in the 230–452°C range. Chem Eng Comm 156:1–30. Article Google Scholar Nakajima H, Shimizu S, Onuki K, Ikezoe Y, …
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Effect of Elemental Sulfur on the Reduction Process of Laterite Nickel
Taking low-grade laterite nickel ore as the research object, CH4 as the reductant and elemental sulfur as the additive, under the conditions of different reduction temperature, reduction time, gas ...
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Separation and recovery of iron and nickel from low-grade …
Two key issues for low recovery of nickel by the above process is that metallic nickel disperses in the ore and unreduced Ni 2+ are incorporated into the fayalite structure as substitutes. Therefore, the metallic reduction roasting process followed by magnetic separation provide an effectively method for laterite ores.
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Generation process of FeS and its inhibition mechanism on …
Numerous studies have demonstrated that Na2SO4 can significantly inhibit the reduction of iron oxide in the selective reduction process of laterite nickel ore. FeS generated in the process plays an important role in selective reduction, but the generation process of FeS and its inhibition mechanism on iron reduction are not clear. To figure …
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Production of Ferronickel Concentrate from Low-Grade Nickel …
The production of ferronickel concentrate from low-grade nickel laterite ore containing 1.31% nickel (Ni) was studied by the non-melting reduction magnetic separation process. The sodium chloride was used as additive and coal as a reductant. The effects of roasting temperature, roasting duration, reductant dosage, additive dosage, and grinding …
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A Robust Recovery of Ni From Laterite Ore …
Laterite ore is one of the important sources of nickel (Ni). However, it is difficult to liberate Ni from ore structure during reduction roasting. This paper provided an effective way for a robust recovery of Ni from laterite …
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A novel process for preparing Fe–Cr-Ni-C alloy: synergetic reduction …
The mechanism of laterite nickel ore on the overall reduction process was clarified, and the best-process system was obtained. In addition, the research results can also be used to study the recycling of different secondary solid waste resources containing iron, chromium, and nickel, as well as the protection and efficient utilization of ore ...
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The Aggregation and Growth of Ferronickel Particles During …
The main source of nickel has gradually become the recovery of ferronickel concentrate from low-grade laterite nickel ore. In this work, high-grade ferronickel concentrate was prepared by a reduction roasting-magnetic separation process, and low-grade ferronickel concentrate and CaF 2 were used as composite additives to promote …
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Kinetic Analysis of Hydrogen Reduction of Nickel …
The most relevant studies regarding hydrogen reduction and kinetics of unsupported NiO are listed in Table II including the most important process parameters, used model, and calculated E a values. As seen from the Table, different models have been suggested to describe the reaction, and derived E a values vary from 3.5 to 120 kJ/mol. …
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Recent Progress in Hydrometallurgical Processing of …
leaching (HPAL), Caron process, and direct nickel process (DNi) are the most common processes to treat lateritic ore [4]. HL process can be processed at ambient temperature, but it is a kinetically slow process, and the yield is low compared to AL and HPAL [5]. AL requires 1 bar pressure and tem-perature in the range of approximately (50–90 °C).
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Nickel processing
The extraction of nickel from ore follows much the same route as copper, and indeed, in a number of cases, similar processes and equipment are used. The major differences in … See more
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Carbothermic Reduction of Nickeliferous Laterite Ores for Nickel …
The RKEF process is a two-stage pyrometallurgical process that involves the calcination and the partial reduction of the saprolite ore in a rotary kiln, followed by high-temperature smelting in an electric arc furnace.26 The final product is a ferronickel alloy containing 20 wt.% to 40 wt.% nickel. It is uneconomic to process laterite ore with ...
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Feasibility of co-reduction roasting of a saprolitic laterite ore …
Large scale utilization is still an urgent problem for waste red mud with a high content of alkaline metal component in the future. Laterite ores especially the saprolitic laterite ore are one refractory nickel resource, the nickel and iron of which can be effectively recovered by direct reduction and magnetic separation. Alkaline metal salts …
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Effect of modified basicity in selective reduction process of …
The appropriate basicity type in selective reduction of limonitic ore was 0.3 of ternary basicity (BT1) and 0.2 of quaternary basicity (BQ1), which had a similar nickel grade and recovery, i.e., 6.08% and 88.33%, respectively. At low basicity, the addition of CaO and SiO2 could suppress the metallization of iron through troilite and fayalite ...
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Phase Transformation in Magnesium-rich Nickel Oxide Ore after Reduction
"The effect of sodium sulphate on the hydrogen reduction process of nickel laterite ore," Minerals Engineering, 49 (2013), 154–164. ... M. Jiang, et al, "Mechanism of sodium sulfate in promoting selective reduction of nickel laterite ore during reduction roasting process," International Journal of Mineral Processing, 123 (2013) 32–38.
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Non-isothermal kinetics study on carbothermic reduction of nickel …
The reduction process can be divided into three stages according to the conversion degree. ... (RKEF) process, has been widely applied to produce ferronickel from the nickel laterite ore [8]. The RKEF process, which includes calcination and pre-reduction at 800–1000 °C for 4–6 h in a rotary kiln, followed by smelting at 1550–1600 …
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Alkaline Hydrothermal Treatment and Leaching Kinetics of
A new process of extracting silica from laterite nickel ore by hydrothermal treatment with sodium hydroxide as reaction auxiliary agent was proposed. The mineralogical transformation and silicon extraction kinetics of laterite nickel ore in alkaline hydrothermal treatment were studied. The effects of reaction temperature (175 ~ 250℃), …